Hi, my name is Juliette and I study to become a physiotherapist. It my my third semester at Montmorency College in Laval. The glossary that I have made could be interesting for anyone who has interest in physiotherapy. On my first year I would like to have a glossary that explains my the basic of physiotherapy. I decide to create a glossary that would help anyone how want to learn more about physiotherapy. In my glossary, you will find pathology, components of physical function and structure of your body. Those words would help you to understand the base of physiotherapy because we use them a lot to explain how to do the treatment and why we do it this way.
agonist
noun
A contracting muscle whose action is opposed by another muscle.
Example: If we are talking about active elbow extension, the triceps is the agonist because it causes the action, and the biceps is the antagonist.
en: agoniste
antagonist
noun
A muscle that acts in opposition to another.
Example: If we are talking about active elbow extension, the triceps is the agonist because it causes the action, and the biceps is the antagonist.
en: antagoniste
bursa
noun
Is an important lubricated fluid-filled thin sac located between bone and surrounding soft tissue, bones and tendons, and/or muscles around joints, and are useful to the human body by reducing tension and negative effects of wear-and-tear.
Example: The subacromial bursa lies between the acromion and the rotator cuff. This bursa protrudes laterally from below the acromion when the arm is at rest and moves medially below the bone when the person lifts their arm away from the center of the body.
en: bourse
bursitis
noun
Inflammation of a bursa, typically one in the knee, elbow or shoulder.
Example: In the patient's medical record the doctor wrote that his knee pain was due to bursitis.
en: bursite
coordination
noun
The correct timing and sequencing of muscle firing combined with the appropriate intensity of muscular contraction leading to the effective initiation, guiding, and grading of movement.
Example: Coordination is the basis of smooth, accurate, efficient movement and occurs at a conscious or automatic level.
en: coordination
flexibility
noun
The ability to move freely, without restriction; used interchangeably with mobility.
Example: Gymnastics have a lot of flexibility.
en: flexibilité
hypermobility
noun
Joint hypermobility means that some or all of a person's joints have an unusually large range of movement.
Example: People with hypermobility are particularly supple and able to move their limbs into positions others find impossible.
en: hypermobilité
hypomobility
noun
Hypomobile joints are joints that are too tight and cause a decreased range of motion.
Example: Old people have hypo mobility in my hip joint, so I have less range of motion.
en: hypomobilité
joint capsule
noun
The saclike envelope that encloses the cavity of a synovial joint by attaching to the circumference of the articular end of each involved bone.
Example: The hip joint, surrounded by a strong joint capsule, connects the torso to the leg.
en: capsule articulaire
kyphosis
noun
Excessive outward curvature of the spine, causing hunching of the back.
Example: Severe kyphosis can cause pain and be disfiguring.
en: cyphose
lordosis
noun
Excessive inward curvature of the spine that makes a bad posture.
Example: The pregnant woman has a big lordosis.
en: lordose
mobility
noun
The ability of structures or segments of the body to move or be moved in order to allow the occurrence of rand of motion (ROM) for functional activities.
Example: Passive mobility is dependent on soft tissue and active mobility requires neuromuscular activation.
en: mobilité
muscle performance
noun
The capacity of muscle to produce tension and do physical work. Muscle performance encompasses strength, power, and muscular endurance.
Example: We want our athlete to participate in the Olympic, we will have to work on his muscular performance.
en: performance musculaire
myalgia
noun
In medicine, myalgia, also known as muscle pain or muscle ache, is a symptom that presents with a large array of diseases.
Example: The most common causes of myalgia by injury are sprains and strains
en: myalgie
neuromuscular control
noun
Interaction of the sensory and motor systems that enable synergists, agonist and antagonists, as well as stabilizers and neutralizers, to anticipate or respond to proprioceptive and kinesthetic information and, subsequently, to work in correct sequence to create coordinated movement.
Example: My physiotherapist improved my neuromuscular control when she makes me do the same exercises in front of a mirror.
en: contôle neuromusculaire
proprioception
noun
Perception or awareness of the position and movement of the body
Example: My physiotherapist gave me training for the ankle joint I have to balance on a single leg with the eyes closed that will improve my
proprioception.
en: proprioception
stability
noun
The ability of the neuromuscular system through synergistic muscle actions to hold a proximal or distal body segment in a stationary position or to control a stable base during superimposed movement.
Example: Deep core stability and hip and leg muscle control are essential for good balance.
en: stabilité
synovial fluid
noun
It's the liquid in the bursa that lubricates the joint.
Example: Each of the joints in the human body contains synovial fluid, this fluid is a thick liquid that lubricates the joint and allows for ease of movement.
en: liquide synoviale
synovitis
noun
The inflammation of a synovial membrane that creates joint pain.
Example: There was an acute synovitis in the patient's knee radiology.
en: synovite
tendonitis
noun
Tendinitis is inflammation or irritation of a tendon, the thick fibrous cords that attach muscle to bone. The condition causes pain and tenderness just outside a joint. While tendinitis can occur in any of your tendons, it's most common around your shoulders, elbows, wrists, knees and heels.
Example: Tendinitis is most often caused by repetitive, minor impact on the affected area, or from a sudden more serious injury.
en: tendinite
trigger point
noun
A sensitive area of the body, stimulation or irritation of which causes a specific effect in another part, especially a tender area in a muscle that causes generalized musculoskeletal pain when overstimulated.
Example: I have a trigger point, it's hurt in my neck but when I put a pressure on it I feel pain in my head.
