20 Social Science, Psychology, and Social Intervention terms
This glossary is made to help people understand some words related to my field of study, which is Psychology and Social Intervention. It's been four years since I've started this programs. This glossary will help anyone who wants to learn more about my field of study. It will have 20 terms and each one of them will be defined so the people who want to go in this program can be more aware of the subject they will see in some of the courses.
anthropology
noun
The study of human societies and cultures and their development.
Example: In time, academic ANTHROPOLOGY became less directly associated with evolutionary ideas, and it tried to establish itself as a respectable, if not conservative, branch of the social sciences.
fr: anthropologie
behaviorism
noun
The theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns.
Example: BEHAVIORISM, developed in 1950-60's views input as a kind of stimulus learners have to respond to.
fr: behaviorisme
child development
noun
Child development refers to the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.
Example: And if adults were to learn about CHILD DEVELOPMENT by observing free play, there must also be free communication.
fr: développement de l'enfant
discrimination
noun
The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.
Example: DISCRIMINATION works through the asymmetry of subject positioning, and the plurality of hierarchies, as well as the brute fact of inequality institutionalized in the hierarchy itself.
fr: discrimination
economics
noun
Economics is a social science concerned with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Example: The development of Docklands is anything but laissez - faire ECONOMICS.
fr: économie
history
noun
The study of past events, particularly in human affairs.
Example: Marxism and the question of HISTORY Marxist literary criticism has not produced a new theory in over twenty years.
fr: histoire
humanistic psychology
noun
A psychological perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization.
Example: The main aim of HUMANISTIC approaches is to draw the learner into an effective engagement with the learning process, to make classroom activities meaningful as experiences which involve the individual as a whole person.
fr: psychologie humaniste
memory
noun
The process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.
Example: We need fine - grain theories of why the performance breaks down, theories about MEMORY development (a sophisticated MEMORY - failure account is still in the running), about the ability to inhibit actions, about the development of the frontal cortex.
fr: mémoire
mental health
noun
Psychological well-being and satisfactory adjustment to society and to the ordinary demands of life.
Example: By providing residents' choice of visually preferred environment in the outdoors can influence their emotions, which in turn may have an effect on their physical and MENTAL HEALTH.
fr: santé mentale
phobia
noun
An extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something.
Example: Like any PHOBIA, the lift PHOBIA is maintained by avoidance and a network of catastrophic thoughts.
fr: phobie
political science
noun
The branch of knowledge that deals with systems of government; the analysis of political activity and behavior.
Example: Many political scientists have tried to shift the focus of POLITICAL SCIENCE away from government itself towards an understanding of the social context of politics (see Coates, 1984, p. 15).
fr: science politique
production
noun
The action of making or manufacturing from components or raw materials, or the process of being so manufactured.
Example: Between 1900 and 1913 PRODUCTION in Europe rose from 2.5 to 6.3 million tons annually (but here too, United States PRODUCTION meant that the later figure represented a smaller proportion of total world output than the earlier).
fr: production
psychology
noun
The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behaviors in a given context.
Example: Egalitarianism is the chronological and logical starting point for feminist PSYCHOLOGY.
fr: psychologie
racism
noun
Prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against a person or people on the basis of their membership in a particular racial or ethnic group, typically one that is a minority or marginalized.
Example: There is evidence that institutionalized RACISM is apparent within the police (Policy Studies Institute, 1985; Broadwater Farm Inquiry, 1986).
fr: racisme
sexism
noun
Prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination, typically against women, on the basis of sex.
Example: In mid July, at Ann Arbor, the "revolutionary media" conference had come out against SEXISM in the underground press.
fr: sexisme
social justice
noun
Ustice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society.
Example: Embodied in these are the two elements of SOCIAL JUSTICE and increased productivity.
fr: justice sociale
social justice
noun
Justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society.
Example: There could be a causal link between demanding SOCIAL JUSTICE and realism as a method, but it is not shown.
fr: justice sociale
social norm
noun
Socially accepted rules of behavior and conduct with are prescribed by society and expected of an individual by the society.
Example: In order to understand the force of this SOCIAL NORM, it is necessary to look beyond social presentation.
fr: norme sociale
sociology
noun
The study of the development, structure, and functioning of human society.
Example: Finally, there are many important topics in micro - SOCIOLOGY which till now have been far better explored by artists than by sociologists.
fr: sociologie
stimulus
noun
Any phenomenon that causes a reaction or response in an organism.
Example: So, in a near - threshold task the subject may be accurately identifying the presence of a STIMULUS which tells the experimenter that there is some kind of mental representation of the STIMULUS, but there is no way the experimenter can decide whether or not the subject is consciously aware of the STIMULUS.